This overview compares the most important P2P lending platforms in Europe that are open to retail investors. For each platform, you will find its headquarters, operational launch, regulation, loan type, loan originators, collateral and liquidity, as well as a link to my detailed review.
The table is sorted alphabetically and is deliberately not a ranking. Which platform suits you depends on your goals and your risk appetite. How I assess the financial stability of each platform is shown in the re:think P2P Risk Score.
P2P Lending Platforms Compared
- 7Harvests: Switzerland
- Afranga: Bulgaria
- Bondora Go & Grow: Estonia
- Bondster: Czech Republic
- Crowdestor: Latvia
- Crowdpear: Lithuania
- Debitum Investments: Latvia
- Digilo: Latvia
- Esketit: Ireland
- Estateguru: Estonia
- Fintown: Czech Republic
- Hive5: Croatia
- Income Marketplace: Estonia
- INDEMO: Latvia
- InRento: Lithuania
- InSoil Finance: Lithuania
- iuvo Group: Estonia
- LANDE: Latvia
- Lendermarket: Ireland
- Lendiball: Estonia
- Loanch: Croatia
- Lonvest: Croatia
- Maclear: Switzerland
- Mintos: Latvia
- Modena: Estonia
- Monefit SmartSaver: Estonia
- Nectaro: Latvia
- NEO Finance: Lithuania
- PeerBerry: Croatia
- Profitus: Lithuania
- Robocash: Croatia
- Swaper: Estonia
- Triple Dragon Funding: Luxembourg
- Twino: Latvia
- Viainvest: Latvia
- 7Harvests: 2026
- Afranga: 2021
- Bondora Go & Grow: 2008
- Bondster: 2017
- Crowdestor: 2017
- Crowdpear: 2021
- Debitum Investments: 2018
- Digilo: 2026
- Esketit: 2020
- Estateguru: 2013
- Fintown: 2022
- Hive5: 2022
- Income Marketplace: 2021
- INDEMO: 2022
- InRento: 2020
- InSoil Finance: 2019
- iuvo Group: 2016
- LANDE: 2019
- Lendermarket: 2019
- Lendiball: 2025
- Loanch: 2023
- Lonvest: 2023
- Maclear: 2023
- Mintos: 2015
- Modena: 2024
- Monefit SmartSaver: 2022
- Nectaro: 2023
- NEO Finance: 2015
- PeerBerry: 2017
- Profitus: 2018
- Robocash: 2017
- Swaper: 2016
- Triple Dragon Funding: 2025
- Twino: 2015
- Viainvest: 2016
Launched refers to the operational start of the platform, not the founding of the operating company.
- 7Harvests: No
- Afranga: Yes (ECSP licence)
- Bondora Go & Grow: No
- Bondster: No
- Crowdestor: No
- Crowdpear: Yes (ECSP licence)
- Debitum Investments: Yes (MiFID II)
- Digilo: Yes (ECSP licence)
- Esketit: No
- Estateguru: Yes (ECSP licence)
- Fintown: No
- Hive5: No
- Income Marketplace: No
- INDEMO: Yes (MiFID II)
- InRento: Yes (ECSP licence)
- InSoil Finance: Yes (ECSP licence)
- iuvo Group: No
- LANDE: Yes (ECSP licence)
- Lendermarket: No
- Lendiball: No
- Loanch: No
- Lonvest: No
- Maclear: Yes (self-regulation, SRO)
- Mintos: Yes (MiFID II)
- Modena: No
- Monefit SmartSaver: No
- Nectaro: Yes (MiFID II)
- NEO Finance: No
- PeerBerry: No
- Profitus: Yes (ECSP licence)
- Robocash: No
- Swaper: No
- Triple Dragon Funding: No
- Twino: Yes (MiFID II)
- Viainvest: Yes (MiFID II)
Is the P2P platform supervised and monitored by a financial regulator? What counts is the regulation of the platform itself, not the supervision of individual loan originators on the platform.
- 7Harvests: Business loans
- Afranga: Consumer loans
- Bondora Go & Grow: Consumer loans
- Bondster: Consumer loans
- Crowdestor: Business loans
- Crowdpear: Real estate loans
- Debitum Investments: Business loans
- Digilo: Real estate loans
- Esketit: Consumer loans
- Estateguru: Real estate loans
- Fintown: Real estate loans
- Hive5: Consumer loans
- Income Marketplace: Consumer loans
- INDEMO: Defaulted real estate loans
- InRento: Real estate loans
- InSoil Finance: Agricultural loans
- iuvo Group: Consumer loans
- LANDE: Agricultural loans
- Lendermarket: Consumer loans
- Lendiball: Consumer loans
- Loanch: Consumer loans
- Lonvest: Consumer loans
- Maclear: Business loans
- Mintos: Consumer loans
- Modena: Consumer loans
- Monefit SmartSaver: Consumer loans
- Nectaro: Consumer loans
- NEO Finance: Consumer loans
- PeerBerry: Consumer loans
- Profitus: Real estate loans
- Robocash: Consumer loans
- Swaper: Consumer loans
- Triple Dragon Funding: Business loans
- Twino: Consumer loans
- Viainvest: Consumer loans
What matters is the economic core: the loans whose repayments ultimately fund the investors’ returns. On many platforms, investors formally invest in claims against the loan originator, for example in the form of notes or business loans, rather than directly in the end borrowers’ loans.
- 7Harvests: Direct to borrowers
- Afranga: Internal and external loan originators
- Bondora Go & Grow: Direct to borrowers
- Bondster: External loan originators
- Crowdestor: Direct to borrowers
- Crowdpear: Direct to borrowers
- Debitum Investments: Internal and external loan originators
- Digilo: Direct to borrowers
- Esketit: Internal loan originators
- Estateguru: Direct to borrowers
- Fintown: Direct to borrowers
- Hive5: Internal loan originators
- Income Marketplace: External loan originators
- INDEMO: Direct to borrowers
- InRento: Direct to borrowers
- InSoil Finance: Direct to borrowers
- iuvo Group: External loan originators
- LANDE: Direct to borrowers
- Lendermarket: Internal loan originators
- Lendiball: Internal loan originators
- Loanch: Internal loan originators
- Lonvest: Internal loan originators
- Maclear: Direct to borrowers
- Mintos: Internal and external loan originators
- Modena: Internal loan originators
- Monefit SmartSaver: Internal loan originators
- Nectaro: Internal loan originators
- NEO Finance: Direct to borrowers
- PeerBerry: Internal and external loan originators
- Profitus: Direct to borrowers
- Robocash: Internal loan originators
- Swaper: Internal loan originators
- Triple Dragon Funding: Direct to borrowers
- Twino: Internal loan originators
- Viainvest: Internal loan originators
Who issues the loans you invest in? Internal loan originators belong to the same group as the platform, so the risk depends on a single group of companies. External loan originators are independent companies: the risk is spread, but quality varies from originator to originator. Direct to borrowers means the platform finances companies, projects or private individuals without an intermediary loan originator.
- 7Harvests: Pledge
- Afranga: Buyback guarantee
- Bondora Go & Grow: No
- Bondster: Buyback guarantee
- Crowdestor: No
- Crowdpear: Mortgage
- Debitum Investments: Buyback guarantee
- Digilo: First-ranking mortgage
- Esketit: Buyback guarantee
- Estateguru: Mortgage
- Fintown: No
- Hive5: Buyback guarantee
- Income Marketplace: Buyback guarantee
- INDEMO: Mortgage
- InRento: Mortgage
- InSoil Finance: Farmland and machinery
- iuvo Group: Buyback guarantee
- LANDE: Farmland and machinery
- Lendermarket: Buyback guarantee
- Lendiball: Buyback guarantee
- Loanch: Buyback guarantee
- Lonvest: Buyback guarantee
- Maclear: No
- Mintos: Buyback guarantee
- Modena: Buyback guarantee
- Monefit SmartSaver: No
- Nectaro: Buyback guarantee
- NEO Finance: Provision fund
- PeerBerry: Buyback guarantee
- Profitus: Mortgage
- Robocash: Buyback guarantee
- Swaper: Buyback guarantee
- Triple Dragon Funding: Buyback guarantee
- Twino: Buyback guarantee
- Viainvest: Buyback guarantee
- 7Harvests: Until maturity
- Afranga: Until maturity (or SaveSmart)
- Bondora Go & Grow: Instant withdrawal
- Bondster: Secondary market
- Crowdestor: Until maturity
- Crowdpear: Until maturity
- Debitum Investments: Until maturity (or Debitum Flow)
- Digilo: Until maturity
- Esketit: Secondary market
- Estateguru: Secondary market
- Fintown: Until maturity
- Hive5: Until maturity
- Income Marketplace: Until maturity
- INDEMO: Until maturity
- InRento: Secondary market
- InSoil Finance: Secondary market
- iuvo Group: Secondary market
- LANDE: Secondary market
- Lendermarket: Until maturity
- Lendiball: Until maturity
- Loanch: Until maturity
- Lonvest: Until maturity
- Maclear: Until maturity
- Mintos: Secondary market
- Modena: Instant withdrawal
- Monefit SmartSaver: Instant withdrawal
- Nectaro: Until maturity
- NEO Finance: Secondary market
- PeerBerry: Until maturity
- Profitus: Secondary market
- Robocash: Secondary market (or Robo Flow)
- Swaper: Until maturity
- Triple Dragon Funding: Until maturity
- Twino: Secondary market (or TWINO FLEXI)
- Viainvest: Until maturity
How can you access your money before maturity? Secondary market: selling active investments to other investors, provided there are buyers, sometimes at a discount or for a fee. Instant withdrawal: payout on request, sometimes for a fee and restricted in times of stress. Until maturity: your capital remains tied up until repayment.
- 7Harvests: 7Harvests Review
- Afranga: Afranga Review
- Bondora Go & Grow: Bondora Go & Grow Review
- Bondster: Bondster Review
- Crowdestor: Crowdestor Review
- Crowdpear: Crowdpear Review
- Debitum Investments: Debitum Review
- Digilo: Digilo Review
- Esketit: Esketit Review
- Estateguru: Estateguru Review
- Fintown: Fintown Review
- Hive5: Hive5 Review
- Income Marketplace: Income Marketplace Review
- INDEMO: INDEMO Review
- InRento: InRento Review
- InSoil Finance: InSoil Finance Review
- iuvo Group: No review yet
- LANDE: LANDE Review
- Lendermarket: Lendermarket Review
- Lendiball: No review yet
- Loanch: Loanch Review
- Lonvest: Lonvest Review
- Maclear: Maclear Review
- Mintos: Mintos Review
- Modena: Modena Review
- Monefit SmartSaver: Monefit SmartSaver Review
- Nectaro: Nectaro Review
- NEO Finance: NEO Finance Review
- PeerBerry: PeerBerry Review
- Profitus: Profitus Review
- Robocash: Robocash Review
- Swaper: No review yet
- Triple Dragon Funding: No review yet
- Twino: Twino Review
- Viainvest: Viainvest Review
How to Find the Right P2P Platform
As you may have noticed, the table does not show any returns. This is a deliberate choice: high interest rates are not a mark of quality, but often the price of higher risk. Five questions you should ask yourself before signing up are far more telling.
1. Who supervises the platform? An ECSP licence or MiFID II authorisation means that a financial regulator supervises the platform and that minimum standards apply to capital, transparency and the segregation of client funds. MiFID II also comes with investor compensation of up to €20,000 (90% of net loss). Important: this is not deposit insurance. Defaulted loans are not covered or replaced by it. The risk of capital loss remains.
2. Who does your money depend on? Many P2P platforms are not neutral marketplaces, but sales channels for loans issued by their own group of companies. With internal loan originators, your investment depends on the fate of a single group. If that group runs into trouble, the loans, the buyback guarantee and the platform are all affected at the same time. With external loan originators, the risk is spread, but quality varies from originator to originator. My assessment of more than 100 loan originators can be found in the Loan Originator Score.
3. What happens if loans default? A buyback guarantee is only worth as much as the financial strength of whoever provides it. A mortgage secures the loan with a real asset, but in a worst-case scenario, enforcement often takes years and the proceeds are not guaranteed. Platforms without collateral, on the other hand, pass the full default risk on to you.
4. When do you need your money back? A secondary market only works as long as there are buyers. Instant withdrawals can be restricted in times of stress. So only invest money you could do without until the end of the term if necessary.
5. How long has the platform been around? A young platform is not necessarily a bad one. But it has not yet been through a real crisis and has few annual reports you can use to track its development.
Bottom line: There is no such thing as the one perfect platform. Spread your capital across several platforms with different loan originators, loan types and collateral. How this works in practice is explained in my P2P lending guide.
Loan Types at a Glance
The term P2P lending covers very different business models. The loan type determines the term, the return and the kind of risk you take on.
Consumer loans are short-term loans to private individuals, often running for only a few weeks or months. Borrowers pay high interest rates, and default rates are correspondingly high. This is cushioned by the loan originator’s buyback guarantee. Your actual risk is therefore not the individual borrower, but the loan originator.
Real estate loans finance construction projects, renovations or existing properties and usually run from several months to a few years. They are typically secured by a mortgage. Delays in repayment are not unusual. In the event of default, the sale of the property determines your loss.
Business loans go to companies, mostly small and medium-sized businesses. Here you bear the risk of individual companies, often with no or only limited collateral. Broad diversification is particularly important with this loan type.
Agricultural loans finance farming businesses, on the platforms in this overview mainly in the Baltics. Farmland and machinery serve as collateral.
What Makes re:think P2P Unique?
There are plenty of P2P platform comparison sites. Most of them list returns and bonuses. I look where the real risks are located:
- My own money: I invest on several of the platforms in this overview myself and disclose amounts and results in my P2P portfolio.
- Facts over marketing: The Risk Score assesses every platform against the same criteria: regulation, transparency, financials, loan portfolio, track record and behaviour in crises. Red flags such as governance issues or misleading marketing lead to point deductions.
- Loan originators in focus: Because the risk usually lies with the loan originator, I also assess the loan originators themselves. My Loan Originator Score compares and evaluates more than 100 loan originators.
- Critical reviews: Every review follows the same structure, from shareholders and management to regulation and financial stability. An overview of all analyses can be found on my P2P platform reviews page.
Frequently Asked Questions about P2P Platforms
What are the largest P2P lending platforms in Europe?
Measured by funded volume, Mintos is the largest P2P marketplace in Europe. Other established players include Bondora, PeerBerry, Twino and Estateguru. Important: size alone is neither a mark of safety nor a guarantee of competitive returns.
Which P2P platform is the best?
There is no single best P2P platform for everyone. If safety matters to you, look for regulation, audited annual reports and solid loan originators. Which platforms currently come out on top according to my methodology is shown in my overview of the safest P2P lending platforms.
How many P2P platforms are there?
In Europe, there are well over 200 providers. As of June 2026, 237 crowdfunding service providers held an ECSP licence alone, plus platforms authorised under MiFID II and unregulated providers. This overview focuses on the platforms that are relevant for retail investors in Europe.
Where are most P2P lending platforms based?
A large part of the European P2P market is based in the Baltics, in Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania. Strict banking and capital market rules make the business model difficult to implement in many other countries, Germany being one example. For investors, a platform’s location is not an obstacle in itself: platforms with an ECSP licence are allowed to offer their services throughout the EU.
How can I spot dubious P2P platforms?
The major failures of the past, such as Envestio or Kuetzal, had typical warning signs in common: no audited annual reports, unclear ownership, returns well above market levels and aggressive bonuses. Delayed withdrawals or terms that change at short notice are further red flags. The more of these points come together, the more caution is called for.
I’m Denny Neidhardt, the founder of re:think P2P. On this blog, I help retail investors make smarter, well-informed investment decisions in the world of P2P lending. Since 2019, I’ve been publishing in-depth analyses, platform reviews, and risk assessments to bring more transparency to this investment space. My goal is to challenge marketing claims, question developments, and empower investors with honest, independent insights.